Taylor Scott
The World Bank provides a plethora of data, including population statistics, that can be cited in academic work. The specific citation format depends on the style guide being used, such as APA, MLA, or Chicago. Generally, the World Bank is listed as the author or compiler, followed by the title of the page or dataset in italics, the name of the database, the publication year, and the direct URL. It is also important to include the date of access to indicate when the data was viewed. Additionally, users are encouraged to include an acknowledgement line when using World Bank data, thanking the relevant unit within the World Bank for providing the data.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Author | World Bank |
| Title | Italicize the title and use sentence case, capitalizing only the first word and proper nouns. |
| Description | Briefly describe the document in square brackets, typically as 'Data file' for World Bank data. |
| Publisher | The World Bank Group |
| Publication Date | Day-month-year format |
| URL | Direct URL to the accessed page without 'http://' at the beginning |
| Access Date | Complete date of last access in month-day-year format without shortening month names |
| Acknowledgement | "We thank the [insert department name] of the World Bank for the data." |
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What You'll Learn
Citing World Bank population data in APA format
Step 1: Author and Date
Begin your citation by listing "World Bank" as the author, without the definite article ("the") before it. Then, in parentheses, provide the publication year. For example: World Bank. (2022).
Step 2: Title and Description
After the date, include the title of the page or dataset in italics and sentence case, capitalizing only the first word and any proper nouns. Then, describe the document type, typically "Data file" for World Bank data, in square brackets. For example: World Bank. (2022). Internet usage among seniors [Data file].
Step 3: URL and Access Date
Finally, provide the direct URL to the page you accessed, pasted exactly as it appears in your browser's address bar. Do not include a period at the end of the URL. After the URL, indicate when you last accessed the page by writing "Accessed," followed by the date in month-day-year format (e.g., "Accessed January 15, 2022").
World Bank. (2022). Internet usage among seniors [Data file]. https://data.worldbank.org/example-url. Accessed January 15, 2022.
Note that in your in-text citations, you would typically use a parenthetical citation, including the author ("World Bank") and the year, separated by a comma, at the end of the sentence where you reference the source. For example: "...as reported by the World Bank in 2022..." (World Bank, 2022).
By following these steps, you can properly cite World Bank population data in your research, ensuring that your sources are accurately credited and accessible to your readers.
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Citing World Bank population data in Chicago Style
When citing World Bank population data in Chicago Style, the general format is as follows:
Begin with 'World Bank' as the author. In Chicago Style, the author is always listed first in bibliographic citations. For all data compiled by the World Bank, the World Bank is considered the author of the work.
Then, include the page title in double quotes. Use title case for the page title, capitalizing major words. End the title with a period inside the quotes. For example: "Firms Using Banks to Finance Working Capital (% of Firms)."
After that, list 'The World Bank Group' as the publisher and end with a period. For instance: The World Bank Group.
Next, note the date of your last page visit. Write 'Accessed' followed by the complete date of your last access in month-day-year format without shortening month names. End with a period after the date. For example: 'Accessed January 24, 2019.'
Finally, include the direct URL to the accessed page. Paste the URL exactly from your browser's address bar. Do not add a period at the end of the URL, as it may confuse readers. For example: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IC.FRM.BKWC.ZS.
World Bank. "Firms Using Banks to Finance Working Capital (% of Firms)." The World Bank Group. Accessed January 24, 2019. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IC.FRM.BKWC.ZS.
When using footnotes or endnotes in Chicago Style, the format is similar, but you should use commas instead of periods to separate the elements of the citation. The only period should be at the end of the footnote. Note that the word "accessed" should be written in lowercase since it is followed by a comma instead of a period.
For example:
World Bank, "Firms Using Banks to Finance Working Capital (% of Firms)," The World Bank Group, accessed January 24, 2019, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IC.FRM.BKWC.ZS.
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Citing World Bank population data in MLA format
The Modern Language Association (MLA) style is commonly used to cite sources in papers within the liberal arts and humanities. When citing World Bank population data in MLA format, follow the formatting guidelines for electronic sources.
Begin your Works Cited entry by naming 'World Bank' as the author, followed by a period. Do not include 'the' before 'World Bank'. For example:
> World Bank.
Include the title of the page and a brief description. Italicize the title and use sentence case, capitalizing only the first word and proper nouns. Then, describe the document in square brackets, typically as 'Data file' for World Bank data. End with a period outside the closing brackets. For example:
> World Bank. *C02 Emissions (Metric Tons Per Capita).* [Data file].
List 'The World Bank Group' as the publisher, followed by the publication date in day-month-year format, and the direct URL without 'http://' at the beginning. End with a period. For example:
> World Bank. *C02 Emissions (Metric Tons Per Capita).* [Data file]. The World Bank Group, 2015, data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.PC.
Finally, include the date of page access. Write 'Accessed', followed by the complete date of your last access in month-day-year format without shortening the month names. End with a period after the date. For example:
> World Bank. *C02 Emissions (Metric Tons Per Capita).* [Data file]. The World Bank Group, 2015, data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.PC. Accessed 12 February 2023.
In-text citations are also necessary in MLA format. These are concise notes directly after the idea or quote you are citing, which point your readers to the corresponding full citation in the Works Cited list. For example:
> The World Bank reported a significant increase in C02 emissions (Metric Tons Per Capita) in 2015 (World Bank).
Alternatively, you can include just the author's name in the parentheses:
> The World Bank reported a significant increase in C02 emissions (Metric Tons Per Capita) in 2015. (World Bank)
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Citing World Bank population data: the direct URL
When citing World Bank population data, the direct URL is an essential component of the citation. Here is a comprehensive guide on how to structure your citation, with a focus on including the direct URL:
MLA Format
MLA (Modern Language Association) style is commonly used in humanities disciplines. When citing World Bank population data in MLA format, begin your citation with "World Bank" as the author, followed by a period. For example:
> World Bank.
Next, include the page title in sentence case, with only the first word and proper nouns capitalised. Place the title in square brackets and describe the document, typically as "Data file." Then, provide the direct URL to the accessed page. Ensure you paste the URL exactly as it appears in your browser's address bar, without adding a period at the end. Here is an example:
> World Bank. Individuals using the internet (% of population) [Data file]. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS
Finally, conclude your citation with the date you accessed the data. Write "Accessed" followed by the date in day-month-year format. Here is the complete citation as an example:
> World Bank. Individuals using the internet (% of population) [Data file]. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS. Accessed 10-08-2023.
APA Format
APA (American Psychological Association) style is commonly used in social sciences. In APA format, begin your citation with "World Bank" as the author, followed by the database name and publication year in parentheses. For example:
> World Bank, World Development Indicators (2023)
Include the title in italics, describe the document, and then provide the direct URL. For instance:
> World Bank, World Development Indicators (2023). Individuals using the internet (% of population) [Data file]. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS
Finally, include the date you accessed the data to ensure transparency and enable readers to access the same information. Here is the complete citation as an example:
> World Bank, World Development Indicators (2023). Individuals using the internet (% of population) [Data file]. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
Chicago Style
Chicago style is commonly used in humanities and social sciences. In Chicago style, start your citation with "World Bank" as the author, followed by a period. For example:
> World Bank.
Include the page title in double quotes and capitalise major words in the title. After the title, list "The World Bank Group" as the publisher, followed by a comma and the direct URL. Here is an example:
> World Bank. "Individuals Using the Internet (% of Population)." The World Bank Group, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS.
Finally, conclude your citation with the date of access in month-day-year format. Here is the complete citation as an example:
> World Bank. "Individuals Using the Internet (% of Population)." The World Bank Group, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS. Accessed August 10, 2023.
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Citing World Bank population data: acknowledgements
The World Bank Group encourages the dissemination of its knowledge and allows reproduction of its records, donated papers, and oral histories (referred to as "Records") for non-commercial purposes, provided full attribution is given. When citing World Bank population data, the World Bank is typically considered the author or compiler. Here are some guidelines for acknowledging World Bank population data in different citation styles:
MLA Style
MLA does not provide specific instructions for citing data. However, since the World Bank's data is accessible online, follow the formatting guidelines for electronic sources. Begin your Works Cited entry by naming 'World Bank' as the author, followed by a period. Do not include the word 'the' before 'World Bank'. For example:
> World Bank. 'C02 Emissions (Metric Tons Per Capita).' *World Development Indicators*, The World Bank Group, 2015, data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.PC.
Include the publication details, such as the name of the database or report, followed by the direct URL to the specific page or dataset. Finally, add the date of access in day-month-year format.
APA Style
In APA format, begin with 'World Bank' as the author, followed by the database name and publication year in parentheses. Include the title in italics, describe the document type (e.g., [Data file]), and provide the direct URL. For example:
> World Bank, World Development Indicators. (2017). Individuals using the internet (% of population) [Data file]. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS.
Chicago Style
In Chicago Style, start with 'World Bank' as the author. Include the page title in double quotes, followed by 'The World Bank Group' as the publisher. Use title case for the page title, capitalizing major words. Then, provide the access date in month-day-year format and the direct URL. For example:
> World Bank. "Firms Using Banks to Finance Working Capital (% of Firms)." The World Bank Group. Accessed January 24, 2019. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IC.FRM.BKWC.ZS.
Acknowledgement Wording
When using data or reports from the World Bank, it is good practice to include an acknowledgement line in your paper or publication. The World Bank suggests the following wording:
> We thank the [Name of Department or Unit] of the Development Economics Global Indicators Group of the World Bank for the data.
For example:
> We thank the Enterprise Analysis Unit of the Development Economics Global Indicators Group of the World Bank for the data.
Remember to adapt the wording as needed and to provide the specific name of the department or unit from which you obtained the data.
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Frequently asked questions
Begin with 'World Bank' as the author, followed by the database name and publication year in parentheses. Italicize the title and include a description of the document, ending with the direct URL. For example:
> World Bank, World Development Indicators. (2017). Individuals using the internet (% of population) [Data file]. Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS.
In Chicago Style, format your citation with 'World Bank' as the author. Begin with the title of the page in double quotes, followed by 'The World Bank Group' as the publisher. Include the date of your last page visit and end with a period. For example:
> World Bank. "Firms Using Banks to Finance Working Capital (% of Firms)." The World Bank Group. Accessed January 24, 2019.
MLA doesn't provide specific instructions for citing data. Begin your Works Cited entry by naming ''World Bank' as the author, followed by a period. Italicize the publication title and include the publication date and a direct URL. End with the date of page access. For example:
> World Bank. *World Development Indicators*, The World Bank Group, 2015, data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.PC. Accessed January 24, 2019.
